盘点考研英语中常见的特殊标点符号
[摘要] 今天就考研英语阅读中常出现的特殊标点作简要总结,希望对同学们备考英语有所帮助。
考研英语阅读文章中常出现一些特殊标点符号,像冒号,破折号,分号等,他们都有着特殊含义,充分理解其意义并掌握好其用法,会有助于我们快速解题,
1. 冒号
冒号表示解释说明,通常解释的是冒号前面的某个名词,需要根据冒号后面的内容去判断解释的是前面的哪个名词。例如:The NT Rights of Terminally III law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. 冒号后面通过其意义“来自呼吸系统的令人恐惧的死亡”可以看出表示的是消极的含义,那么所解释的名词也应该是消极的意义,所以锁定在fear和suffering之间,再进一步分析,发现强调的是“恐惧的死亡”,因此解释的名词是fear.
2. 破折号
它跟冒号一样,也是表示解释说明,即可以解释的是前面的名词也可以解释前面的一句话。例如He dismisses a lot of the work of re-engineering consultants as mere rubbish — “the worst sort of ambulance cashing.破折号后“典型的劳而无获”解释的是前面的句子“他把许多重组顾问的工作视为垃圾”这件事。 而在Its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen bellow most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment — the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.例句中,破折号后面the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past(低于这个比率在过去通货膨胀已经上升了)解释的是前面的名词the natural rate of unemployment。
3. 括号
括号也表示解释说明,跟破折号一样既可以解释前面的名词也可以解释前面的句子,需要根据括号的位置去判断。例如:Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions.像这样括号在句号的里面,解释的就是离其最近的名词。像Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.)这个例句中,括号在句号的外面,解释的就是前面的一句话。
4. 分号
分号在考研英语中表示并列的含义,即前后语义是一致的。例如:This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.这里由分号连接两句话,这里面出现抽象表达This is no flash in the pan,由于分号表示并列,那么在阅读的过程中可以忽略不计,直接理解分号后面的句子即可,因为前后语义是一致的。