考研英语必备经典长难句训练及解析（二）

一、长难句训练题

1、Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice—that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.

2、The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars.

3、It has also been proposed that just because we know so much about people intuitively, there has been less incentive for studying them scientifically: Why should one develop a theory, carry out systematic observations, or make predictions about the obvious?

4、You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.

5、Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

二、长难句训练题解析

1、

解析：

句子的主干是Creating a “European identity” is no easy task and demands a strategic choice。第一个that是定语从句的关系代词，引导定语从句来修饰European identity;而第二个that即that of producing …，这个that 就是一个指示代词，指前文出现过的名词choice。which引导定语从句修饰different cultures and traditions。

参考译文：

不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编制成一体，要创造出一种尊重这些不同文化和传统的“欧洲品牌”绝非易事，需要人们做出战略性的选择，即选择在欧洲为欧洲做节目。

2、

解析：

主句为：The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by… and by…。主句主语的结构为: The issue of whether…and whether…。of 短语修饰the issue, that the Red Planet…是evidence的同位语从句，(即是evidence的具体内容)。that bacterial fossils…是suggestions的同位语从句，说明suggestions的具体内容。)

参考译文：

越来越多的证据表明，这个红色行星上曾经有稳定而丰富的液态水，而且人们对从火星落到地球上的细菌化石陨石的说法一直有争论，这使火星上是否存在过生命和是否至今仍有生命的问题成为了引人注目的重点。

3、

解析：

主句为：It has also been proposed。That…for studying them scientifically是主语从句，是形式主语it的真主语。because we know so much about people intuitively是这个主语从句中嵌套的原因状语从句。冒号后面是一个简单句，对前面内容起解释说明作用。)

参考译文：

还有解释说，正是由于我们对人的直觉了解太多，所以我们没有科学地研究这些直觉的动力：对于显而易见之事，人们为什么要建立一种理论、进行系统的观察或是作一些预言呢?

4、

解析：

主句为：You have all heard it repeated, 后面三个that引导的宾语从句是it形式宾语的具体内容。这三个that从意义上可以看作一系列连续的动作。

参考译文：

你们都多次听说过，科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的，而且从某种意义上来说，他们依靠这种方法力求从自然界归纳出某些自然规律，然后根据这些规律，用自己的某种非同一般的本领，建立起他们的理论。

5、

解析：

本句的主干即是Behaviorists suggest that ...;that引导suggest的宾语从句，动词是will experience;who引导修饰child的定语从句，动词为is raised;where引导修饰environment的定语从句，动词为are;which引导修饰stimuli的定语从句，动词为develop。

参考译文：

行为主义者的看法是，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境里成长，而这些刺激物能够发展其做出适当反应的能力，那么，这个儿童将会有更高的智力发展。