考研英语阅读四种常见错误选项总结与分析

【典型例题 1】

【原文】 ①But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. ②Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. ③We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing. ④Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.

【题目】 Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions____.

【选项】

[B] are not unconscious

[D] are not impulsive

【分析】本题题干在问“我们对快餐标识的反应表明了仓促的做决定_______。”根据关键词回文定位，文中第三段第三句“We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing.”我们无意识地把快餐和速度与不耐烦联系在一起，并且把那些冲动带入到我们正在做的其它任何事情中。文中出现的是“unconsciously ” 和 “impulses”，而B选项中是“not unconscious”，D选项是“are not impulsive”都和原文相反，均属于在肯否定关系上设题。

【典型例题 2】

【原文】①John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. ②When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.

【题目】 John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on____.

【选项】

[B]‘‘thin sliced ’’study

【分析】本题题目在问John认为“快速而又可靠的反应是基于_______”。根据关键词回文定位到第五段第一句后半部分“John Gottman, .... we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. ”即“快速的反应是以经过长时间研究为基础的”出现了“thick sliced” long-term study”，而B选项“thin sliced ”study中的“thin”和文中的“thick”刚好相反。

通过对以上典型例题进行分析，我们可以发现文中的定位信息句和选项含义是相反的。经常会在肯否定关系上设题，有时文章内容是肯定的，到了选项中变成了否定的意味，有时文章内容是否定的，而到了选项中则变成了肯定的。所以同学们在做题时，看到表否定的词或者短语时一定要格外敏感。找准关键词，致胜考研英语阅读!

【典型例题 3】

【原文】①Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. ②In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. ③Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.

【题目】In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.

【选项】

[A] women take the lead

【分析】本题题干在问“欧洲企业的办公室通常会_______。”根据关键词回文定位到第一段第二句话“Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male.”“欧洲高层管理的职位中，男性占主导地位”，而A选项“ women take the lead”（女性占主导地位），与文章内容不符，属于很明显的偷换概念，把动作的发出者给偷换掉了。

【典型例题 4】

【原文】①After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position--- no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them. ②When women do break through to the summit of corporate power---as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook---they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.

7 ①If appropriate public policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers---and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.

【题目】Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.

【选项】

[B] massive media attention

[D] greater “soft pressure”

【分析】本题目的题干在问“进入高层管理的女性会成为头条新闻这是由于缺乏_______。”根据关键词回文定位，第六段第一句后半部分 no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them.（无论有多大的软压力施加给他们）和D选项greater “soft pressure” （更大的软压力），和题干部分连起来就是“缺乏更大的软压力”，又是属于明显的偷换概念。第六段第二句后半部分“Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook---they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.”（她们引发了大量的媒体关注）和B选项massive media attention（缺乏大量媒体的关注）语义刚好相反。

以上真题典型题目的错误选项均属于和文中定位信息含义相反的情况。象类似从肯否定关系的角度来设题的选项在真题中比比皆是。通常文中是肯定，而选项是否定；选项是肯定，而文中是否定。有时是属于偷换概念，有时是偷换主语，有时是偷换宾语，还有时偷换的是动作。望广大考生在后面研读真题时归纳选项错误的原因，及时总结做题规律，致胜2016考研英语！